The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and State veterinary and public health officials are investigating an illness among dairy cows.
As we learn more about this evolving situation, APHIS will continue to provide confirmatory testing for samples from livestock as well as guidance for producers, veterinarians, and state animal health officials. As the situation changes, we will continue to post updated information at the links below.
Clarification Regarding Movement of Cattle Through Markets or Auctions to Slaughter, Under the April 24 Federal Order
Issued April 27, 2024
USDA APHIS continues to receive questions related to the movement of lactating dairy cattle to sale barns and auction markets under the Federal Order and associated guidance, effective on April 29.
This message is to clarify that the Federal Order does not apply to the intrastate movement of a lactating dairy cow to a sale barn. Subsequent interstate movement for a lactating dairy cow from a sale barn directly to a slaughter facility requires only a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI) stating that the animal is clinically healthy; no testing is necessary.
This clarifies the requirements for states where direct to slaughter movements are limited but cattle movements flow through sale barns and auctions for consolidation and movement as a "lot" to slaughter out of state. We are announcing this clarification over the weekend to ensure small farms have the guidance necessary to continue to move cull cattle and limit animal welfare issues.
- 6/13/2024-HPAI Dairy: National Epidemiological Brief
- 6/13/2024-HPAI Dairy: Michigan Epidemiologic Investigation
- 5/30/24-Updates on H5N1 Beef Safety Studies
- 5/29/24-Personal Protective Equipment Recommendations
- 5/22/24-Recommendations to Minimize Influenza Transmission at Dairy Cattle Livestock Exhibitions
- 5/13/24 - USDA Support for Producers with Affected Dairy Premises
- 5/7/24-Clarification to Inquiries Received on April 24 Federal Order
- 5/2/24-Spreadsheet for Non-NAHLN Laboratories Reporting Positive Influenza A Results
- 4/26/24-APHIS Requirements and Recommendations for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 Virus in Livestock For State Animal Health Officials, Accredited Veterinarians and Producers [en español]
- 4/26/24-Testing Guidance for Labs for Influenza A in Livestock [en español]
- 4/25/24-Federal Order to Assist with Developing a Baseline of Critical Information and Limiting the Spread of H5N1 in Dairy Cattle: Frequently Asked Questions [en español]
- 4/24/24-Federal Order Requiring Testing for and Reporting of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Livestock [en español]
- 4/24/24-Detection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Dairy Herds: Frequently Asked Questions
- 4/21/24- USDA Publishes H5N1 Influenza A Virus Genetic Sequences on publicly available site
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Confirmed Cases of HPAI in Domestic Livestock
*Data updated weekdays by 4 pm ET.
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Testing at National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) and National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) is complex; the number of tests conducted is not equivalent to animals tested. The testing figure may include multiple samples collected from a single animal, samples tested independently or pooled, samples tested more than once, and testing for purposes such as on farm research studies to continue to learn more about this virus in livestock. As such, the number of affected herds provides a much more accurate picture of the evolving situation than the number of tests conducted.
On April 24, USDA announced a Federal Order that requires mandatory testing prior to the interstate movement of lactating dairy cattle and mandatory reporting of positive influenza A test results in livestock. This testing is critical to increasing the information available to the USDA and to limiting potential virus spread through livestock movement.
(Testing information updated weekly on Wednesdays by 4 pm ET)
- Total PCR tests run at NAHLN and NVSL (since April 2024): >15,000
*APHIS identified a computational error in how the number of PCR tests conducted at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) and the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) laboratories are summed. As a result, APHIS reported an inaccurate number of total tests on the website. Additionally, APHIS also realized that testing information from NVSL and the NAHLN laboratories were reported based on different start dates. To address both issues, APHIS realigned the data to correct the computational error and use a consistent start date for reporting-the effective date of the Federal Order, April 29, 2024. - Pre-movement tests conducted under the Federal Order: 4,304
- Genetic Sequences are available at Home - SRA - NCBI (Use search term “WGS of H5N1”)
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